Udder oedema can be a problem in first calvers, high-producing cows and over-conditioned cows. Genetic and environmental factors influence the occurrence of it, and while it generally self-cures within a week, we can reduce the severity and discomfort it causes.
Managing a cow with Udder Odema
If udder oedema is severe, milking can be started before the animal has calved.
Anti-inflammatories such as Ketomax 15% or Metacam 20 may be used, as pain can be significant and may reduce feed intake. Where appropriate, a 1 ml oxytocin injection can help improve milk let-down.
Udder cream can be applied between the udder and legs to help prevent abrasions, and to the teat ends to reduce chapping. Foremilk should be stripped daily so animals can be monitored for mastitis.
Causes
Bull calves are the most common cause of udder oedema, largely because of their longer gestation. Genetics from both the dam and calf can also contribute. Dietary factors may increase the risk, including diets high in crude protein or non-protein nitrogen, very lush grass, high-potassium or high-DCAD diets, and very high or very low sodium levels.
Inadequate water intake, stress, poor cow comfort, lack of exercise and excess body condition can all worsen oedema.
Incorrect magnesium/calcium balance or metabolism may also be involved, and poor liver function may be associated, particularly where swelling extends to the brisket. Heavy grain feeding may also contribute.
Prognosis
Udder oedema usually resolves within a week. However, severe cases can increase the risk of mastitis, and permanent damage to the udder or ligament attachments may occur.
By Juan Klue
